When an emulsifiable concentrate is added to water in the spray tank, what does it form?
- A clear true solution
- A gritty suspension
- A thick invert gel
- A milky emulsion
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D. A milky emulsion
The emulsifier lets droplets of the oil-based concentrate disperse in water, which gives the characteristic milky look. A true solution stays clear, as with soluble powders or liquid solutions.
Reference: Core Manual: Pesticide Formulations
A herbicide is labeled '4EC'. What does the 4 tell the applicator?
- It holds 4 percent active ingredient by weight
- It holds 4 pounds of active ingredient per gallon
- It must be diluted 4 parts water to 1 part product
- It is in Toxicity Category IV
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B. It holds 4 pounds of active ingredient per gallon
For liquid formulations the number gives pounds of active ingredient per gallon of product. For dry formulations such as 80WP, the number is the percent active ingredient by weight, which is why the two are often confused.
Reference: Core Manual: Pesticide Formulations
What is a main drawback of wettable powder formulations in the spray tank?
- They dissolve rubber hoses and gaskets
- They settle out unless agitation is constant
- They burn foliage because of their solvents
- They evaporate quickly in hot weather
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B. They settle out unless agitation is constant
Wettable powders do not dissolve; they form a suspension that settles without continuous agitation, and they are abrasive to pumps and nozzles. Damage to rubber and plant burn from solvents are problems of emulsifiable concentrates.
Reference: Core Manual: Pesticide Formulations