Warm-season turfgrasses make their best shoot growth when air temperatures are about:
- 60 to 75 degrees F
- 45 to 55 degrees F
- 80 to 95 degrees F
- 100 to 115 degrees F
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C. 80 to 95 degrees F
Warm-season grasses such as bermudagrass and zoysiagrass grow best at roughly 80 to 95 degrees F. The 60 to 75 degree range is the optimum for cool-season grasses, which is why the two groups peak in different seasons.
Reference: Ornamental and turf category manual: turfgrass culture
Kentucky bluegrass fills in thin or damaged areas mainly by spreading with:
- Aboveground stolons
- Underground rhizomes
- Tillers only
- Tubers deep in the soil
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B. Underground rhizomes
Kentucky bluegrass spreads by rhizomes, underground stems that send up new plants, so it knits into a sod and recovers from wear. Stolons are aboveground runners, the spreading method of St. Augustinegrass and centipedegrass, not bluegrass.
Reference: Ornamental and turf category manual: turfgrass culture
Bermudagrass is an aggressive spreader and a hard grass to keep out of beds because it spreads by:
- Rhizomes only
- Stolons only
- Tillers and dropped seed only
- Both rhizomes and stolons
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D. Both rhizomes and stolons
Bermudagrass spreads both below ground by rhizomes and above ground by stolons, which gives it fast recovery and makes it invasive in beds. Choosing stolons only describes St. Augustinegrass or centipedegrass.
Reference: Ornamental and turf category manual: turfgrass culture